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Energy storage, large flow compensation and balance hydraulic control system
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Energy storage hydraulic control system with reliable energy monitoring
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Underwater piston or bladder-type hydraulic buffer
SCHWERLL underwater hydraulic accumulators (with separate chambers for the seawater side and the hydraulic oil side) are available in configurations where one end is connected to seawater and the other to hydraulic oil. They may feature either a floating‑piston design (with an isolating piston) or a bladder‑type design (diaphragm‑type). In both cases, the chamber is divided into two independent compartments by a wear‑resistant isolating piston or a flexible bladder.
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Specialized balancing cylinder products
Underwater bladder-type hydraulic compensator
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SCHWERLL Underwater hydraulic buffer (seawater side) / Hydraulic oil-side chambered type)
I. Structural Configuration (One End Connected to Seawater, the Other End Connected to Hydraulic Oil)
Typical structure: floating-piston type (isolated piston) or bladder-type (diaphragm-type) underwater hydraulic accumulators.
The cavity is divided into two independent chambers by a wear-resistant isolation piston or a bladder:
- A Cavity (seawater side): Directly connected to the external seawater;
- B Chamber (hydraulic oil side): Contains hydraulic oil internally and interfaces with the subsea hydraulic actuator.
The piston is equipped with a bidirectional seawater‑corrosion‑resistant seal, and the bladder must be compatible with both seawater and the hydraulic fluid to prevent direct mixing of the two.
Distinction: Conventional accumulators employ oil–gas separation, while hydraulic accumulators use seawater. — Piston / Skin and flesh — Hydraulic oil—under deep-water operating conditions, a metal-piston design is preferred.
II. Core Operating Principle
1 ) Static pressure equilibrium (at rest in deep water)
The underwater depth generates hydrostatic external pressure, which acts on one side of the isolation piston or bladder; the force on the piston drives the hydraulic oil side to build up oil pressure, thereby automatically achieving:
Internal pressure of the hydraulic oil chamber ≈ Seawater hydrostatic pressure at the current depth
Advantages: It eliminates the significant pressure differential associated with great water depths, so the hull does not have to withstand the enormous internal–external pressure difference, thereby greatly reducing the risk of external buckling instability of the cylindrical shell (and… SCHWERLL The design logic of deep-water accumulators is analogous.
2 ) Dynamic process of energy absorption and buffering (operating conditions)
When underwater equipment is subjected to impact loads (such as blowout preventer actuation, structural collisions, or rapid start–stop of actuators):
- Hydraulic side ( B (Chamber) instantaneous pressure increase → Pressure drives the isolation piston toward the seawater side;
- The volume of the seawater-side chamber is compressed, and the excess seawater is discharged directly into the surrounding water body.
- Impact kinetic energy is converted into work through piston motion, relying on sealing friction. + Seawater throttling and damping absorb impact energy, providing cushioning.
3 ) Reset process
After the impact load has dissipated:
The hydrostatic pressure of the seawater continuously acts on the piston face, driving the piston back to its original position and restoring the volume on the hydraulic oil side, thereby preparing for the next buffering cycle.
III. The Key Difference from Conventional Land-Based Buffers
- Media isolation requirements
Seawater is highly corrosive and must never enter the underwater hydraulic system. The isolation piston permanently separates seawater from the hydraulic fluid, preventing emulsification of the oil and guarding against corrosion and seizing of valve assemblies and motors.
- Must be adapted to deep-water hydrostatic pressure.
3000 Hydrostatic pressure at the depth of rice water ≈30 MPa The product cannot be simply sealed to withstand pressure; instead, it relies on a piston‑based self‑balancing design, which significantly reduces the external pressure load on the cylinder body.
- Special damping design
Seawater is directly connected to the sea, and closed throttling orifices are generally not provided. Damping is primarily generated by piston‑seal friction and the piston‑guiding structure; some models additionally incorporate an external throttling mechanism to adjust the cushioning characteristics.
IV. Main Application Scenarios
Subsea tree, blowout preventer system ( BOP ), underwater robot ROV , subsea gate valves, subsea emergency shut-off valves, and collision‑mitigation devices for underwater structures.
V. Potential Technical Highlights (as outlined in your bid) / Technical documents are available.
- Material: The cylinder body and piston are made of super duplex steel and Hastelloy, both resistant to seawater corrosion; the seals are selected… FKM 、 FFKM Seawater-resistant rubber;
- Design Standard: Basis for External Pressure Verification GB/T150 、 ASME VIII-1 、 DNV-RU-UWT Underwater Equipment Specifications;
- Failure risk: If the seal is breached, seawater ingress into the hydraulic circuit will render the entire subsea hydraulic system inoperable; therefore, leak‑monitoring systems are typically incorporated.
- Extension: By making minor parameter adjustments to the same structural design, it can serve either as a hydraulic buffer or as a seawater‑compensated underwater energy storage device.
- A Cavity (seawater side): Directly connected to the external seawater;
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